This set of references has been compiled by the six RCMAR Measurement and Methods Cores to reflect references in which the CES-D has been tested in any vulnerable or minority subgroup. Subgroups are defined in terms of older persons, adolescents, race/ethnicity, gender, language, and generation. In addition, it includes tests of the CES-D in arthritis. Finally, the list includes a reference to a shorter form of the CES-D.
Andersen EM, Carter WB, Malmgren JA, Patrick DL. Screening for depression in well older adults: Evaluation of a short form of the CES-D. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 1994;10(2):77.
Aneshensel CS, Clark VA, Frerichs RR. Race, ethnicity, and depression: A confirmatory analysis. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology. 1983;44(2):385.
Arean PA, Schein RL. Factor structure of the CES-D in minority seniors. Presentation.
Beals J, Keane E, Dick RW, Manson SM. The factorial structure of the CES-D among American Indians. 1991.
Beekman AT, Deeg DJH, Van Limbeek J, Braam AW. Criterion validity of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D): Results from a community-based sample of older subjects in The Netherlands. Psychological Medicine. 1997;27(1):231.
Blazer D, Burchett B, Service C, George LK. The association of age and depression among the elderly: an epidemiologic exploration. Journal of Gerontology. 1991;46(6):M210.
Callahan LF, Kaplan MR, Pincus T. The Beck Depression Inventory, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D), and General Well-Being Schedule depression subscale in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care and Research. 1991;4(1):3.
Callahan CM, Hui SL, Nienaber NS, Musick BS, Tierney WM. Longitudinal study of depression and health services use among elderly primary care patients. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 1994;42(8):833.
Callahan CM, Wolinsky FD. The effect of gender and race on the measurement properties of the CES-D in older adults. Medical Care. 1994;32(4):341.
Clark VA, Aneshensel CS, Frerichs RR, Morgan TM. Analysis of effects of sex and age in response to items on the CES-D scale. Psychiatry Research. 1981;5(2):171.
Davidson H, Feldman PH, Crawford S. Measuring depressive symptoms in the frail elderly. Journal of Gerontology. 1994;49(4):159.
Dick RW, Beals J, Keane EM, Manson SM. Factorial structure of the CES-D among American Indian adolescents. Journal of Adolescence. 1994;17:73-79.
Foelker GA, Jr, Shewchuk RM. Somatic complaints and the CES-D. Journal American Geriatrics Society. 1992;40(3):259.
Furukawa T, Hirai T, Kitamura T, Takahashi K. Application of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale among first-visit psychiatric patients: A new approach to improve its performance. Journal of Affective Disorders. 1997;46(1):1.
Gallagher-Thompson D, Tazeau YN, Basilio L, et al. The relationship of dimensions of acculturation to self-reported depression in older, Mexican-American women. Journal of Clinical Gerophychology. 1997;3(2):123.
Garcia M, Marks G. Depressive symptomatology among Mexican-American adults: an examination with the CES-D Scale. Psychiatry Research. 1989;27:137.
Gatz M, Johansson B, Pedersen N, Berg S. A cross-national self-report measure of depressive symptomatology. International Psychogeriatrics. 1993;5(2):147.
Golding JM, Aneshensel CS, Hough RL. Responses to Depression Scale items among Mexican-American and non-Hispanic whites. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 1991;47(1):61.
Guarnaccia PJ, Angel R, Worobey JL. The factor structure of the CES-D in the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Sturvey: The inflluences of ethnicity, gender and language. Social Science & Medicine. 1989;29(1):85.
Hendrie HC, Callahan CM, Levett EE, Hui SL. Prevalence rates of major depressive disorders: The effects of varying the diagnostic criteria in an older primary care population. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 1995;3(2):119.
Hertzog C, Van Alstine J, Usala PD, Hultsch DF, Dixon R. Measurement properties of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) in older populations. Psychological Assessment. 1990;2(1):64.
Himmelfarb S, Murrell SA. Reliability and validity of five mental health scales in older persons. Journal of Gerontology. 1983;38(3):333.
Kessler RC, Foster C, Webster PS, House JS. The relationship between age and depressive symptoms in two national surveys. Psychology and Aging. 1992;7(1):119.
Kessler RC, Mroczek DK. Measuring the effects of medical interventions. Medical Care. 1995;33 (Suppl)(4):AS109.
Kohout FJ, Berkman LF, Evans DA, Cornoni-Huntley J. Two shorter forms of the CES-D depression symptoms index. Journal of Aging and Health. 1993;5(2):179.
Lewinsohn PM, Seeley JR, Roberts RE, Allen NB. Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) as a screening instrument for depression among community-residing older adults. Psychology & Aging. 1997;12(2):277.
Liang J, Van Tran T, Krause N, Markides KS. Generational differences in the structure of the CES-D scale in Mexican Americans. Journal of Gerontology. 1989;44(3):S110.
Manson SM, Ackerson LM, Dick RW, Baron AE, Fleming CM. Depressive symptoms among American Indian adolescents: Psychometric characteristics of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Psychological Assessment. 1990;2:231-237.
Orme JG, Reis J, Herz EJ. Factorial and discriminant validity of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 1986;42(1):28.
Radloff LS, Teri L. Use of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale with older adults. Clinical Gerontologist. 1986;5 (1-2)(Jun):119.
Roberts RE. Reliability of the CES-D scale in different ethnic contexts. Psychiatry Research. 1980;2:125.
Roberts RE, Vernon SW. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale: its use in a community sample. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1983;140(1):41.
Roberts RE, Vernon SW, Rhoades HM. Effects of language and ethnic status on reliability and validity of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale with psychiatric patients. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 1989;177(10):581.
Roberts RE, Rhoades HM, Vernon SW. Using the CES-D scale to screen for depression and anxiety: Effects of language and ethnic status. Psychiatry Research. 1990;31(1):69.
Roberts RE, Andrews JA, Lewinsohn PM, Hops H. Assessment of depression in adolescents using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Psychological Assessment. 1990;2(2):122.
Santor DA, Coyne JC. Shortening the CES-D to improve its ability to detect cases of depression. Psychological Assessment. 1997;9(3):233.
Schein RL, Koenig HG. The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale: assessment of depression in the medically ill elderly. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 1997;12(4):436.
Somervell PD, Beals J, Kinzie JD, Boehnlein J, et al. Use of the CES-D in an American Indian village. Culture, Medicine & Psychiatry. 1993;16:1992.
Stommel M, Given BA, Given CW, Kalaian HA, Schulz R, McCorkle R. Gender bias in the measurement properties of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Psychiatry Research. 1993;49(3):239.
Vega W, Warheit G, Buhl-Auth J, Meinhardt K. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among Mexican Americans and Anglos. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1984;120(4):592.
Ying YW. Depressive symptomatology among Chinese-Americans as measured by the CES-D. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 1988;44(5):739.
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